Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH)

AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) is a hormone that gives doctors an estimate of how many eggs remain in the ovaries — often called 'ovarian reserve.' Higher levels generally suggest more eggs are available, while lower levels may indicate fewer eggs remain. It is commonly tested when evaluating fertility, planning IVF treatment, or investigating irregular periods. A single AMH result does not predict whether someone can or cannot get pregnant naturally, and results should always be discussed with a healthcare provider in the context of your full medical picture.

When elevated: Elevated AMH levels in women of reproductive age are most commonly associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), reflecting an increased number of small antral follicles. Very high AMH may also indicate risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome during ART stimulation protocols. In rare cases, elevated AMH in postmenopausal women or males may suggest granulosa cell tumors or other gonadal neoplasms. When low: Low AMH levels indicate diminished ovarian reserve, suggesting a reduced number of remaining follicles and potentially lower fertility potential. This finding is associated with poor response to ovarian stimulation in ART cycles, earlier onset of menopause, and may support a diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency in younger women. Very low or undetectable AMH is expected after menopause or following bilateral oophorectomy.

AMH is primarily a reproductive health marker rather than a performance or training biomarker. For female athletes concerned about fertility preservation—particularly those with intense training regimens that may affect menstrual cycles—AMH can help assess ovarian reserve; for male athletes, AMH has minimal practical relevance to performance or health tracking.