Phosphorus

Phosphorus is essential for energy production, bone health, and cellular function. Testing helps detect imbalances that may affect muscle function, kidney health, or metabolic disorders.

When elevated: Elevated phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia) most commonly occurs in kidney disease when the kidneys cannot excrete phosphorus effectively. High levels are associated with mineral metabolism disorders and increased cardiovascular risk, particularly in dialysis patients. When low: Low phosphorus (hypophosphatemia) can result from malnutrition, malabsorption, certain medications, or shifts of phosphorus into cells. Severe deficiency may impair muscle function and bone health, though mild-to-moderate low levels are often asymptomatic.

Phosphorus supports ATP synthesis and muscle contraction during exercise. Athletes rarely become deficient through diet alone, but extreme fluid losses, certain medications, or intense training without adequate nutrition can lower levels and impair recovery and performance.